Type of fiberglass
Glass fiber yarn is one of the main components of glass fiber tube, and the main component of glass fiber yarn is glass fiber. This section will give you a general introduction to the type of glass fiber.
There are many methods for classifying glass fibers. Generally, it can be classified from the aspects of glass raw material composition, monofilament diameter, fiber appearance, production method, and fiber characteristics.
Classified according to the glass raw material composition, mainly used for the classification of continuous glass fibers.
Generally, it is distinguished by different alkali metal oxide contents, and alkali metal oxides generally refer to sodium oxide and potassium oxide. In the glass raw material, it is introduced by a substance such as soda ash, thenardite, feldspar or the like. Alkali metal oxide is one of the main components of ordinary glass, and its main function is to lower the melting point of glass. However, the higher the content of alkali metal oxide in the glass, the lower the chemical stability, electrical insulation properties and strength. Therefore, for different uses of glass fibers , different glass components such as alkali containing are used. Therefore, the alkali content of the glass fiber component is often used as a sign for distinguishing continuous glass fibers for different uses. According to the alkali content in the glass component, the continuous fibers can be classified into the following types.
Alkali-free fiber (commonly known as E glass): R2O content of less than 0.8%, is an aluminumborosilicate component. Its chemical stability, electrical insulation properties and strength are very good. Mainly used as electrical insulation materials, glass fiber reinforced materials and tire cords.
Medium alkali fiber: R2O content is 11.9%-16.4%. It is a kind of soda-calcium silicate component. Because of its high alkali content, it can not be used as electrical insulating material, but its chemical stability and strength are still good. Generally used as latex cloth, woven fabric substrate, acid filter cloth, window screen substrate, etc., it can also be used as a glass fiber reinforced material with less strict requirements on electrical properties and strength. This fiber has a lower cost and is more versatile.
High alkali fiber: a glass component having an R 2 O content of 15% or more. Such as glass fiber drawn from raw materials such as broken flat glass, broken glass, etc., all belong to this category. It can be used as waterproof and moisture-proof materials for battery separators, pipe wrapping cloths and mats.
Special glass fiber: high-strength glass fiber composed of pure magnesium-aluminum-silicon ternary,magnesium-aluminum-silicon,high-strength,high-elastic glass fiber; silicon-aluminum-calcium-magnesium-based chemically resistant glass fiber; aluminum-containing fiber; High silica fiber; quartz fiber.
Classified according to the diameter of the filament
The glass fiber filament is cylindrical, so its thickness can be expressed by diameter. Usually, depending on the diameter range, the drawn glass fibers are divided into several types (the diameter values are in um):
Crude fiber: its filament diameter is generally 30um
Primary fiber: its filament diameter is greater than 20um;
Intermediate fiber: filament diameter 10-20um
Advanced fiber: (also known as textile fiber) has a filament diameter of 3-10um. Glass fibers having a filament diameter of less than 4 um are also referred to as ultrafine fibers.
The different diameters of the filaments not only affect the properties of the fibers, but also affect the production process, production and cost of the fibers. Generally, 5-10 um fiber is used as a textile product, and 10-14 um fiber is generally suitable for roving, non-woven fabric, chopped fiber mat, and the like.
Classified according to fiber appearance
The appearance of the glass fiber, ie its form and length, depends on its mode of production and its use. Can be divided into: continuous fiber (also known as textile fiber): In theory, continuous fiber is an infinite continuous fiber, mainly made by the leakage plate method, after textile processing, can be made into glass yarn, rope, cloth, Belt, roving and other products.
Fixed length fibers: which are limited in length, generally in the range of 300-500 mm, but can sometimes be longer, such as substantially long, messy fibers in the mat. For example, long cotton made by steam blowing, after being broken into yarn, is only a few hundred millimeters in length. Other products such as stick yarn and roving are used for making yarn or mat.
Glass wool: It is also a fixed-length glass fiber with a short fiber, generally less than 150 mm or less. In the form of fluffy tissue, similar to cotton wool, it is also called short cotton, mainly for heat preservation, sound absorption and other purposes. In addition, there are chopped fibers, hollow fibers, glass fiber powders, and fine fibers.
Classified according to fiber characteristics
This is a new type of glass fiber that has some special excellent properties to meet the special requirements. The fiber itself can be roughly divided into: high-strength glass fiber; high-modulus glass fiber; high-temperature resistant glass fiber; alkali-resistant Glass fiber; acid-resistant glass fiber; ordinary glass fiber (refers to alkali-free and medium-alkali glass fiber); optical fiber; low dielectric constant glass fiber; conductive fiber.
Most of the glass fiber yarns in the glass fiber tube are made of alkali-free glass fiber, and their chemical stability, electrical insulation properties and strength are good.